Welcome to the world of FreeBSD, where the system runs quietly but hides massive power beneath the surface. But before you become a legendary sysadmin or a cool hacker in a hoodie, you need to get familiar with the basic FreeBSD commands—your main weapons in this digital realm.
Don't worry, these aren’t magical spells—just simple commands to help you talk to your system!
Navigating the File System
ls – List Directory Contents
ls
ls -l
ls -la
Want to peek inside your system’s drawers? Use this command.
cd – Change Directory
cd /home
cd ~
cd ..
“cd” doesn’t mean Compact Disc—it means “change directory”.
pwd – Print Working Directory
pwd
If you're lost, this command tells you where you are.
Working with Files and Folders
touch – Create an Empty File
touch file.txt
Like opening a blank notebook—ready for notes!
mkdir – Make a New Folder
mkdir myfolder
A new home for your memories (or your logs).
cp – Copy Files
cp file.txt /tmp/
A legal clone machine. Great for backups.
mv – Move or Rename Files
mv file.txt document.txt
mv file.txt /home/user/
Move locations or change identities
rm – Remove Files
rm file.txt
rm -r myfolder/
Be careful! Once it’s gone, it’s gone (unless you’ve got a backup).
Superuser Stuff
su – Become the Root User
su -
Welcome to the magic realm—but great power comes with great responsibility.
chmod – Change File Permissions
chmod 755 script.sh
Decide who can read, write, or execute your files.
chown – Change File Owner
chown alucard:users file.txt
If you “own” the file, better make it official
Searching and Monitoring
find – Find Files
find / -name "config.conf"
Time to put on your detective hat, Sherlock.
top – View Active Processes
top
Like Task Manager, but for the command line. See what’s eating your CPU.
ps – Show Running Processes
ps aux
A peek into who’s doing what inside your system.
System Cleanup
clear – Clear the Screen
clear
Like sweeping your terminal clean—ah, refreshing!
df – Check Disk Usage
df -h
Want to know if you’ve got “empty space” or “uh-oh, full disk” mode?
freebsd-update – Update the System
freebsd-update fetch
freebsd-update install
Even the most stable OS needs some love and updates
Learning FreeBSD commands is like learning to ride a bike: wobbly at first, smooth later.
With the commands above, you’re now equipped to start exploring FreeBSD with confidence.
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